What are common signs of an allergic reaction to medication?

The signs of an allergic reaction to medication prominently include symptoms like rash, itching, swelling, shortness of breath, or anaphylaxis. These manifestations occur when the immune system reacts adversely to a medication as if it were a harmful substance, leading to various responses.

Rashes often appear as hives or red, blotchy skin, while itching can range from mild discomfort to severe distress. Swelling, particularly around the face, lips, throat, or other areas, is a significant cause for concern as it can lead to more serious conditions. Shortness of breath may indicate a respiratory response to the allergen, posing a risk of compromising oxygen intake. In severe cases, anaphylaxis can occur, a life-threatening reaction that requires immediate medical intervention, characterized by a rapid onset of symptoms such as swelling, difficulty breathing, and a drop in blood pressure.

The other options present symptoms that are typically associated with conditions unrelated to allergic reactions. For instance, headaches and dizziness could be side effects or symptoms of various illnesses but are not specific to allergic responses. Additionally, excessive sleeping and weight gain generally do not correlate with allergy symptoms and may suggest a range of different health issues. Similarly, increased heart rate or dehydration could be signs of other medical conditions